Vi sinh v\u1eadt bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n b\u00e0o c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0i micro mm.\u00a0Ba lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium leprae v\u00e0 helicobacter pylori.<\/p>\n

<\/span>MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
Mycobacterium tuberculosis g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh lao, kh\u00f4ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh que, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “axit nhanh”, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 sau khi h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5, thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 nhu\u1ed9m tr\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf khi \u1ee7 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eeda axit. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 nhu\u1ed9m AFB, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nhu\u1ed9m vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng axit.<\/p>\n
Axit mycolic l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng axit. Th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ea5t s\u00e1p g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 axit mycolic. Axit n\u00e0y li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong th\u00e0nh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u khi x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng axit-c\u1ed3n. C\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nhu\u1ed9m AFB ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 carbol fuchsin c\u1ee7a Kinyouin ho\u1eb7c carbol fuchsin c\u1ee7a Ziehl-Neelsen. C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng nhau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 hai.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Kinyouin\u2019s Carbol Fuchsin<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
<\/span>Quy tr\u00ecnh<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
$\"Kinyouin\u2019s$ <\/p>\n
<\/span>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
$\"Kinyouin\u2019s$ <\/p>\n
<\/span>C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
Th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
1.<\/td>\n \u0110\u1eb7t ti\u00eau b\u1ea3n xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2.<\/td>\n Carbol fuchsin (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng)<\/td>\n 30 \u0111\u1ebfn 60 ph\u00fat<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3.<\/td>\n \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 60c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 b\u1ec7nh<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4.<\/td>\n R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n 5 ph\u00fat<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5.<\/td>\n 1% HCL axit-c\u1ed3n (70% c\u1ed3n)<\/td>\n 10 gi\u00e2y<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6.<\/td>\n R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n 2 min<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7.<\/td>\n Xanh Methylene \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e0u mong mu\u1ed1n<\/td>\n 30 to 40 gi\u00e2y<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8.<\/td>\n R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch nhanh d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n 15 gi\u00e2y<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9.<\/td>\n Kh\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ed3n<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10.<\/td>\n T\u1ea9y v\u00e0 d\u00ednh k\u1ebft<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
<\/span>X\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ebft nhu\u1ed9m AFB:<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch sau khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng carbol fuchsin \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf dung d\u1ecbch d\u01b0 th\u1eeba. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u01b0\u1edbc bao ph\u1ee7 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau b\u1ea3n, v\u1ebft nhu\u1ed9m c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ecdc qua m\u00f4 l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed m\u00e0u s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n ra nhanh ch\u00f3ng. \u1ee6 trong HCL\/70% EtOH \u0111\u1ebfn khi s\u1ea1ch lam k\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u00f4 tr\u00f4ng h\u01a1i h\u1ed3ng. Sau khi kh\u1eed m\u00e0u, r\u1eeda th\u1eadt k\u1ef9, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i axit\/EtOH tr\u00ean lam k\u00ednh. V\u1edbi xanh methylene, c\u00e0ng \u00edt c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nhu\u1ed9m qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y, tr\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n AFB c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb che khu\u1ea5t. N\u1ebfu qu\u00e1 \u00edt, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tr\u00f4i \u0111i, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau \u1edf tr\u00ean, xanh methylene c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong c\u1ed3n, v\u00ec v\u1eady h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n\u00a0 ra kh\u1ecfi ti\u00eau b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n
<\/span>MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
G\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh phong, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng axit t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 M. Tuberculosis nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 Fite’s Faraco.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Fite\u2019s Faraco<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
<\/span>Quy tr\u00ecnh<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
$\"Fite\u2019s$ <\/div>\n
<\/span>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
$\"Fite\u2019s$ <\/div>\n
<\/span>C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
Th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
1.<\/td>\n L\u00e0m kh\u00f4 lam k\u00ednh trong t\u1ee7 s\u1ea5y<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2.<\/td>\n \u1ee6 trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p xylen\/d\u1ea7u l\u1ea1c theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 50\/50<\/td>\n 15 ph\u00fat<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3.<\/td>\n L\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p 50\/50 th\u1ee9 hai<\/td>\n 15 ph\u00fat<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4.<\/td>\n Lau kh\u00f4, r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf d\u1ea7u<\/td>\n 5 ph\u00fat<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5.<\/td>\n Fite’s carbol fuchsin (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng)<\/td>\n 20 ph\u00fat<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6.<\/td>\n R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7.<\/td>\n 1% HCL\/c\u1ed3n 70%<\/td>\n 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 gi\u00e2y<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\n R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9.<\/td>\n Xanh methylen<\/td>\n 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 20 gi\u00e2y<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10.<\/td>\n R\u1eeda nhanh d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11.<\/td>\n Lau kh\u00f4, kh\u00f4ng ng\u00e2m trong c\u1ed3n, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 d\u00ednh k\u1ebft<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
<\/span>X\u1eed l\u00fd Fite \u2013 Faraco:<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ti\u00eau b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong xylen v\u00e0 c\u1ed3n theo quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed s\u00e1p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u00e3y c\u1eaft c\u00e1c ti\u00eau b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ea1i. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 carbol fuchsin c\u1ee7a Kinyouin \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
<\/span>VI KHU\u1ea8N HELICOBACTER PYLORI<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
C\u00f3 h\u00ecnh xo\u1eafn \u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y, lo\u00e9t d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u01b0a argrophilic v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c kh\u1eed b\u1ea1c.\u00a0C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t nhu\u1ed9m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 Warthin Starry Silver ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t trong nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, Giemsa, v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a m\u00f4 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch (\u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y cao).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
<\/span>Warthin Starry Silver<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
<\/span>Quy tr\u00ecnh<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
$\"Warthin$ <\/p>\n
<\/span>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
$\"Warthin$ <\/p>\n
<\/span>C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n
Th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/p>\n
L\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/b> \u00a0Thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m Warthin Starry Silver \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i vi sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 H. Pylori. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi giao th\u1ee9c d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho H. Pylori b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
1.<\/td>\n \u0110\u1eb7t ti\u00eau b\u1ea3n xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2.<\/td>\n R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc DI<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3.<\/td>\n B\u1ea1c nitrat 0,5% \u0111\u1ebfn 1% \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 65\u00b0C<\/td>\n 3\u20135 ph\u00fat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4.<\/td>\n Ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 dung\/ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed
\n\u2022 \u0110\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau b\u1ea3n v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh Coplin ch\u1ee9a dung d\u1ecbch
\n\u2022 Th\u00eam b\u00ecnh Coplin v\u00e0o b\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf 65\u00b0C
\n\u2022 \u1ee6 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u\/v\u00e0ng $\"Bacteria_FIGURE_8\"$ <\/td>\n 1\u20135 ph\u00fat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5.<\/td>\n R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m<\/td>\n 2\u20133 ph\u00fat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6.<\/td>\n Kh\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong c\u1ed3n<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7.<\/td>\n T\u1ea9y v\u00e0 d\u00ednh k\u1ebft<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
<\/span>X\u1eed l\u00fd\u00a0Warthin Starry Silver cho H. Pylori<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
Warthin Starry c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft nhu\u1ed9m kh\u00f3 x\u1eed l\u00fd. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u00e0m theo t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed9n dung d\u1ecbch.\u00a0S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ee7y tinh s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc DI khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.\u00a0Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc cho b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 dung\/ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.\u00a0B\u1ea1c ph\u1ea3i \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 65\u00b0C khi t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c lam k\u00ednh. Khi ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 dung\/ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed \u1ea5m l\u00ean, m\u00f4 s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e0u n\u00e2u v\u00e0ng khi g\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. Vi\u1ec7c khu\u1ea5y tr\u1ed9n trong gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n\/gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu\u1ed9m m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Giemsa<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\n
Giemsa\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m \u0111a s\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
<\/span>Quy tr\u00ecnh<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
$\"Giemsa$ <\/div>\n
<\/span>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
$\"Giemsa$ <\/div>\n
<\/span>C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
Th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
1.<\/td>\n Kh\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng metanol 95%<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2.<\/td>\n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1pc\u1ee7a Jenner<\/td>\n 10 ph\u00fat<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3.<\/td>\n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p Giemsa<\/td>\n 45 ph\u00fat<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4.<\/td>\n 1% n\u01b0\u1edbc axit axetic b\u0103ng<\/td>\n 10 gi\u00e2y<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5.<\/td>\n R\u1eeda nhanh d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6.<\/td>\n T\u1ea9y r\u1eeda t\u1ed1t, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 d\u00ednh k\u1ebft<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
<\/span>X\u1eed l\u00fd Jenner-Giemsa cho H. Pylori:<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
Jenner v\u00e0 Giemsa l\u00e0 hai gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p r\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi cho m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.\u00a0L\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.\u00a0B\u01b0\u1edbc axetic b\u0103ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.\u00a0Nhu\u1ed9m qu\u00e1 ng\u1eafn s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a k\u00e9m trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o.\u00a0Nhu\u1ed9m qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u0111i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ebft \u1ed1.\u00a0L\u00e0m m\u1edd thay v\u00ec kh\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng c\u1ed3n nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00e0u xanh trong h.\u00a0Pylori s\u1ebd b\u1ecb r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i.<\/p>\n
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<\/span>So s\u00e1nh ba quy tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n H. Pylori.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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$\"\"$ <\/div>\n
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<\/span>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 Vi sinh v\u1eadt – N\u1ea5m <\/strong>v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh nhu\u1ed9m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
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N\u1ea5m bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n b\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111a b\u00e0o v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.\u00a0Ba lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 cryptococcus neoformans, <\/b>histoplasmacapsulatum\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0pneumocystis carinii.<\/b>\u00a0<\/b><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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<\/span>CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
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G\u00e2y vi\u00eam m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch.\u00a0Vi\u00ean nang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng nhu\u1ed9m mucicarmine c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng quy tr\u00ecnh methenamine silver.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Mucicarmine<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
<\/span>Quy tr\u00ecnh<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
$\"Mucicarmine$ <\/p>\n
<\/span>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
$\"Mucicarmine$ <\/p>\n
<\/span>C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n
Th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
1.<\/td>\n \u0110\u1eb7t ti\u00eau b\u1ea3n xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2.<\/td>\n Hematoxylin c\u1ee7a Wiegert \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n 5\u201310 ph\u00fat<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3.<\/td>\n R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4.<\/td>\n Dung d\u1ecbch mucicarmine c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n 20\u201330 ph\u00fat<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5.<\/td>\n R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6.<\/td>\n Metanil m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng<\/td>\n 1\u20133 ph\u00fat<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7.<\/td>\n R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8.<\/td>\n Kh\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 d\u00ednh k\u1ebft<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\u00a0X\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ebft nhu\u1ed9m Mucicarmine:<\/strong><\/div>\n
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L\u00e0m theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ea5t nh\u1ea7y c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng.\u00a0H\u00e3y nh\u1edb pha lo\u00e3ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 pha lo\u00e3ng (ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e1y).\u00a0S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Wiegert t\u01b0\u01a1i. N\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n Wiegert kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u t\u00edm m\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u h\u01a1n, th\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u nh\u01b0 \u00fd. Quy tr\u00ecnh Wiegert c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i qua \u0111\u00eam.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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<\/span>CAPSULATUM HISTOPLASMA<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
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G\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh histoplasmosis. Nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng x\u1ea3y ra do h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng b\u00e0o t\u1eed n\u00e0y, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00fam. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y lan kh\u1eafp c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong. N\u00f3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n \u1edf nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng nhu\u1ed9m Gomori\u2019s methenamine silver.<\/p>\n
<\/span>PNEUMOCYSTIS CARINII<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
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Pneumocystis carinii tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nguy\u00ean sinh nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 n\u1ea5m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean axit nucleic v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch sinh h\u00f3a. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong \u1edf nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng nhu\u1ed9m Gomori\u2019s methenamine silver.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Gomori\u2019s methenamine silver<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
Gomori\u2019s methenamine silver d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh argentaffin. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eed c\u00e1c ion b\u1ea1c v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1c kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi t\u00ednh \u01b0ua b\u1ea1c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u1edf H. Pylori.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Quy tr\u00ecnh<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
$\"Gomori\u2019s$ <\/p>\n
<\/span>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
$\"\"$ <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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1.<\/td>\n \u0110\u1eb7t ti\u00eau b\u1ea3n xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2.<\/td>\n Oxi h\u00f3a trong axit cromic<\/td>\n 10 ph\u00fat<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3.<\/td>\n R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n 3 ph\u00fat<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4.<\/td>\n Natri bisulfit<\/td>\n 1 ph\u00fat<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5.<\/td>\n R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6.<\/td>\n \u1ee6 trong dung d\u1ecbch methenamine silver \u1edf 60C.<\/td>\n 10 \u2013 20 ph\u00fat<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7.<\/td>\n Th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u00e2m t\u1ea9m<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8.<\/td>\n R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc DI<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9.<\/td>\n V\u00e0ng clorua<\/td>\n 1 \u2013 2 ph\u00fat<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10.<\/td>\n R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11.<\/td>\n Natri thiosulfat<\/td>\n 1 ph\u00fat<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12.<\/td>\n R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13.<\/td>\n M\u00e0u xanh nh\u1ea1t<\/td>\n 30 – 40 gi\u00e2y<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14.<\/td>\n R\u1eeda nhanh d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15.<\/td>\n Kh\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 d\u00ednh k\u1ebft<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
<\/span>X\u1eed l\u00fd GMS:<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
Axit cromic n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y ti\u00eau b\u1ea3n.\u00a0Gi\u1eef b\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn khi kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.\u00a0Th\u1eddi gian ng\u00e2m t\u1ea9m (n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng) c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1eed v\u00e0 sai m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u1eebng nhu\u1ed9m qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u xanh nh\u1ea1t v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 che khu\u1ea5t sinh v\u1eadt c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n
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<\/span>GMS cho b\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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$\"GMS$ <\/div>\n
Ngu\u1ed3n:\u00a0 https:\/\/www.leicabiosystems.com\/knowledge-pathway\/special-stains-which-one-why-and-how-part-iii-microorganisms-bacteria-and-fungi\/<\/a><\/em><\/div>\n
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Minh Khang l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u00e3ng Leica Biosystems<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a vi sinh v\u1eadt Vi sinh v\u1eadt l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng bao g\u1ed3m vi khu\u1ea9n, n\u1ea5m, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nguy\u00ean sinh v\u00e0 vi r\u00fat.\u00a0Ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf n\u00ean c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u00e0 k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Vi khu\u1ea9n, n\u1ea5m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nguy\u00ean sinh…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9706,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9699","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gd-1.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9699"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gd-1.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gd-1.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gd-1.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gd-1.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9699"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/gd-1.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9699\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9827,"href":"https:\/\/gd-1.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9699\/revisions\/9827"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gd-1.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9706"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gd-1.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9699"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gd-1.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9699"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gd-1.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9699"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}